ASTM material specifications - China Valve Manufacturer

Learn about the key ASTM material specifications for valves. A cast valve body is manufactured by pouring liquid metals into molds and is common for valves above 2 inches in diameter. A forged valve body is produced by forging and machining solid steel. The key specifications for cast steel valves body materials are ASTM A216 (WCA, WCB, WCC), ASTM A352 LCB/LCC (low-temperature), and ASTM A351 CF8/CF8M. ASTM A105, A350 and A182 cover body materials for small size (or high pressure) forged valves.

CAST STEEL VALVES

First, let’s clarify the difference between cast vs. forged valve, even if it may seem obvious: cast valves feature a cast body, forged valves have a forged body. That’s it! The difference relates to the valve body material construction technique, i.e. steel forging or casting.

Let’s now review the key cast valve body materials.

ASTM A216 WCA, WCB, WCC (CARBON STEEL HIGH-TEMP.)

The ASTM A216 specification covers 3 grades of carbon steel (WCA, WCB, and WCC), which feature slight differences in terms of chemical and mechanical properties. These grades for cast valves bodies match carbon steel pipes in grades A53, A106, API 5L.

ASTM A216 steel castings shall be heat treated and can be manufactured in the annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered conditions. The surface of steel castings shall be free of adhering elements such as sand, cracks, hot tears, and other defects.

ASTM A216 carbon steel valves (cast), material chart
ASTM A216 GRADE	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cu	Ni	Cr	Mo	V
WCA UNS J02502	0.25(1)	0.70(1)	0.04	0.045	0.60	0.30	0.50	0.50	0.20	1.00
WCB UNS J03002	0.30(2)	1.00(2)	0.04	0.045	0.60	0.30	0.50	0.50	0.20	1.00
WCC UNS J02503	0.25(3)	1.20(3)	0.04	0.045	0.60	0.30	0.50	0.50	0.20	1.00

Notes:

For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum Carbon content, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the specified maximum is allowed up to a maximum of 1.10%.
For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum Carbon content, an increase of 0.04% Mn above the specified maximum is allowed up to a maximum of 1.28%.
For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum Carbon content, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the specified maximum is allowed to a maximum of 1.40%.

ASTM A352 LCB/LCC (CARBON STEEL LOW-TEMP.)

The ASTM A352 specification covers multiple grades of low-temperature carbon steel (called LCA, LCB, LCC, LC1, LC2, LC3, LC4, LC9, CA6NM) for cast steel valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.

Chemical composition of A352 cast valves Gr. LCA/LCB/LCC (valve material chart):

GRADE	C	Si	Mn	Cr	Mo	Ni	Cu	Nb	V
ASTM A352 LC3	0.15	0.6	0.65			3.5
ASTM A352 LCA	0.25	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.3		0.03
ASTM A352 LCB	0.3	0.6	1	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.3		0.03
ASTM A352 LCC	0.25	0.6	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.5			0.03

ASTM A351 CF8/CF8M (STAINLESS STEEL)

The ASTM A351 specification covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.

The most common grades are ASTM A351 CF3, CF8 (SS304), and CF8M (SS316).

The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization.

Any ASTM A351 cast part shall receive heat treatment followed by a quench in water or rapid cooling. The steel shall conform to the chemical and mechanical requirements set by the specification.

ASTM A351 stainless steel valves, chemical composition


CF3+CF3A	J9270	0.03	1.5	2	0.04	0.04	17.0-21.0	8.0-11.0	0.5
CF8+CF8A	J9260	0.08	1.5	2	0.04	0.04	18.0-21.0	8.0-11.0	0.5
CF3M+CF3MA	J9280	0.03	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	17.0-21.0	9.0-13.0	2.0-3.0
CF8M	J9290	0.08	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	18.0-21.0	9.0-12.0	2.0-3.0
CF3MN	J92804	0.03	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	17.0-21.0	9.0-13.0	2.0-3.0			0.10-.20
CF8C	J92710	0.08	1.5	2	0.04	0.04	18.0-21.0	9.0-12.0	0.5	-1
CF10	J92950	0.04-0.10	1.5	2	0.04	0.04	18.0-21.0	8.0-11.0	0.5
CF10M	J92901	0.04-0.10	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	18.0-21.0	9.0-12.0	2.0-3.0
CH8	J9340	0.08	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	22.0-26.0	12.-15.0	0.5
CH10	J93401	0.04-0.10	1.5	2	0.04	0.04	22.0-26.0	12.-15.0	0.5
CH20	J93402	0.04-0.20	1.5	2	0.04	0.04	22.0-26.0	12.0-15.0	0.5
CK20	J94202	0.04-0.20	1.5	1.75	0.04	0.04	23.0-27.0	19.0-22.0	0.5
HK30	J94203	0.25-0.35	1.5	1.75	0.04	0.04	23.0-27.0	19.0-22.0	0.5
HK40	J94204	0.35-0.45	1.5	1.75	0.04	0.04	23.0-27.0	19.0-22.0	0.5
HT30	N08030	0.25-0.35	2	2.5	0.04	0.04	13.0-17.0	33.0-37.0	0.5
CF10MC		0.1	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	15.0-18.0	13.0-16.0	1.7-2.25	-2
CN7M	N0807	0.07	1.5	1.5	0.04	0.04	19.0-22.0	27.5-30.5	2.0-3.0				3.0-4.0
CN3MN	J94651	0.03	2	1	0.01	0.04	20.0-22.0	23.5-25.5	6.0-.0			0.18-.26	0.75
CE8MN		0.08	1	1.5	0.04	0.04	22.5-25.5	8.0-11.0	3.0-.5			0.10-.30
CG-6MMN	J93790	0.06	4.0-6.0	1	0.03	0.04	20.5-23.5	11.5-13.5	1.50-3.0	0.10-.30	0.10-.30	0.20-.4

Notes:

Grade CF8C shall have a Niobium content 8 times above the Carbon but not over 1.00%.
Grade CF10MC shall have a Niobium content 10 times above the Carbon but not over 1.20%.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES CAST STEEL VALVES CHART

	Minimum Steel Mechanical Properties				Modulus	Approximate
ASTM CAST GRADE	Tensile strength (psi)	Yield strength (psi min)	Elongation (at 2 inches)	Reduction of Area (%)
ASTM A216 Grade WCB	70,000	36,000	22	35	27.9	137-1 87
ASTM A352 Grade LCB	65,000	35,000	24	35	27.9	137-1 87
ASTM A217 Grade C5	90,000	60,000	18	35	27.4	241 Max.
ASTM A217 Grade WC1	65,000	35,000	24	35	29.9	215 Max.
ASTM A217 Grade WC6	70,000	40,000	20	35	29.9	215 Max.
ASTM A217 Grade WC9	70,000	40,000	20	35	29.9	241 Max.
ASTM A352 Grade LC3	65,000	40,000	24	35	27.9	137
ASTM A217 Grade C12	90,000	60,000	18	35	27.4	180-240
ASTM A351 Grade CF-8	65,000	28,000	35	–	28	140
ASTM A351 Grade CF-8M	70,000	30,000	30	–	28.3	156-170
ASTM A126 Class B	31,000	–	–	–	–	160-220
ASTM A126 Class C	41,000	–	–	–	–	160-220
ASTM A395 Type 60-45-15	60,000	45,000	15	–	23-26	143-207
ASTM A439 Type D-2B	58,000	30,000	7	–	–	148-211
ASTM B62	30,000	14,000	20	17	13.5	55-65*
ASTM B143 Alloy 1A	40,000	18,000	20	20	15	75-85*
ASTM B147 Alloy 8A	65,000	25,000	20	20	15.4	98*
ASTM B148 Alloy 9C	75,000	30,000	12 min.	12	17	150
(Weldable Grade)	65,000	32,500	25	–	23	120-170
ASTM A494 (Hastelloy B)	72,000	46,000	6	–	–	–
ASTM A494 (Hastelloy C)	72,000	46,000	4	–	–	–
Stellite No. 6	121,000	64,000	01.feb	–	30.4	–
ASTM B211 Alloy 20911-T3	44,000	36,000	15	–	10.2	95
ASTM B16 1/2 Hard	45,000	15,000	7	50	14	–
ASTM B21 Alloy 464	60,000	27,000	22	55	–	–
AISI 12L 14	79,000	71,000	16	52	–	163
ASTM A108 Grade 1018	69,000	48,000	38	62	–	143
(Suitable for ASTM A193 Grade B7 bolt material)	135,000	115,000	22	63	29.9	255
ASTM A276 Type 302	85,000	35,000	60	70	28	150
ASTM A276 Type 304	85,000	35,000	60	70	–	149
ASTM A276 Type 316	80,000	30,000	60	70	28	149
ASTM A276 Type 316L	81,000	34,000	55	–	–	146
ASTM A276 Type 410	75,000	40,000	35	70	29	155
ASTM A461 Grade 630	135,000	105,000	16	50	29	275-345
Alloy K500 (K Monel)	100,000	70,000	35	–	26	175-260
ASTM B335 (Hastelloy B)	100,000	46,000	30	–	–	–
ASTM B336 (Hastelloy C)	100,000	46,000	20	–	–	–

RECOMMENDED SERVICE (CAST VALVE MATERIALS)

The table shows the most common materials for cast valves and their recommended service:

MATERIAL GROUP	MATERIAL GRADE	RECOMMENDED SERVICE
High-temperature Carbon Steel	ASTM A216 Grade WCB	Non-corrosive fluids as water, oil, and gases at temperatures range -20°F (-30°C) and +800°F (+425°C)
Low-temperature Carbon Steel	ASTM A352 Grade LCB	Low temperature to -50°F (-46°C). Use excluded above +650°F (+340°C).
Low-temperature Carbon Steel	ASTM A352 Grade LC1	Low temperature to -75°F (-59°C). Use excluded above +650°F (+340°C).
Low-temperature Carbon Steel	ASTM A352 Grade LC2	Low temperature to -100°F (-73°C). Use excluded above +650°F (+340°C).
3.1/2% Nickel Steel	ASTM A352 Grade LC3	Low temperature to -150°F (-101°C). Use excluded above +650°F (+340°C).
1.1/4% Chrome 1/2% Moly Steel	ASTM A217 Grade WC6	Non-corrosive fluids as water, oil, and gases at temperatures range -20°F (-30°C) and +1100°F (+593°C).
2.1/4% Chrome	ASTM A217 Grade C9	Non-corrosive fluids as water, oil and gases at temperatures range -20°F (-30°C) and +1100°F (+593°C).
5% Chrome 1/2% Moly	ASTM A217 Grade C5	Mild corrosive or erosive applications and non-corrosive applications at temperatures between -20°F (-30°C) and +1200°F (+649°C).
9%Chrome 1% Moly	ASTM A217 Grade C12	Mild corrosive or erosive applications and non-corrosive applications at temperatures between -20°F (-30°C) and +1200°F (+649°C).
12% Chrome Steel	ASTM A487 Grade CA6NM	Corrosive application at temperatures between -20°F (-30°C) and +900°F (+482°C).
12% Chrome	ASTM A217 Grade CA15	Corrosive application at temperatures up to +1300°F (+704°C)
Stainless steel 316	ASTM A351 Grade CF8M	Corrosive or either extremely low or high-temperature non-corrosive services between -450°F (-268°C) and +1200°F (+649°C). Above +800°F (+425°C) specify carbon content of 0.04% or greater.
Stainless steel 347	ASTM 351 Grade CF8C	Mainly for high temperature, corrosive applications between -450°F (-268°C) and +1200°F (+649°C). Above +1000°F (+540°C) specify carbon content of 0.04% or greater.
Stainless steel 304	ASTM A351 Grade CF8	Corrosive or extremely high temperatures non-corrosive services between -450°F (-268°C) and +1200°F (+649°C). Above +800°F (+425°C) specify carbon content of 0.04% or greater.
Stainless steel 304L	ASTM A351 Grade CF3	Corrosive or non-corrosive services to +800F (+425°C).
Stainless steel 316L	ASTM A351 Grade CF3M	Corrosive or non-corrosive services to +800F (+425°C).
Alloy-20	ASTM A351 Grade CN7M	Good resistance to hot sulfuric acid to +800F (+425°C).
Monel	ASTM 743 Grade M3-35-1	Weldable grade. Good resistance to corrosion by all common organic acids and salt water. Also highly resistant to most alkaline solutions to +750°F (+400°C).
Hastelloy B	ASTM A743 Grade N-12M	Well suited for handling hydrofluoric acid at all concentrations and temperatures. Good resistance to sulphuric and phosphoric acids to +1200°F (+649°C).
Hastelloy C	ASTM A743 Grade CW-12M	Good resistance to span oxidation conditions. Good properties at high temperatures. Good resistance to sulphuric and phosphoric acids to +1200°F (+649°C).
Inconel	ASTM A743 Grade CY-40	Very good for high-temperature service. Good resistance to spangly corrosive media and atmosphere to +800°F (+425°C).
Bronze	ASTM B62	Water, oil or gas: up to 400°F. Excellent for brine and seawater service.

We recommend purchasing the ASTM A216 specification from the ASTM website or the IHS store to get a complete understanding of this topic.

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